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KMID : 0385920220330010084
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Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine
2022 Volume.33 No. 1 p.84 ~ p.93
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department length of stay and outcomes of pneumonia patients
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Ha Ji-Sung
Seo Sang-Won
Lee Jang-Young
Lee Won-Suk
Sung Won-Young
Lee Keun-Taek
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Abstract
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on the emergency department length of stay (ED-LOS) and outcomes of patients admitted with pneumonia.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study that included adult pneumonia patients admitted to the emergency department during the period from February to July 2019 and the corresponding period in 2020. After the COVID- 19 outbreak, many changes occurred in medical systems, causing prolonged ED-LOS. We divided ED-LOS into pre-, mid-, and post-ED-LOS and compared ED-LOS, hospital LOS and in-hospital mortality rates of pneumonia patients during the above-mentioned periods. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors leading to in-hospital mortality in 2020.
Results: A total of 365 patients were included in the study. Pre-ED-LOS, mid-ED-LOS, post-ED-LOS, and in-hospital mortality in the 2020 group were significantly higher than those of the 2019 group (P<0.05). Mid-ED-LOS (odds ratio [OR], 1.474; P=0.001) and post-ED-LOS (OR, 1.098; P=0.024) were identified as being independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality in 2020.
Conclusion: Our study shows that ED-LOS and in-hospital mortality increased after the COVID-19 pandemic. Mid-EDLOS and post-ED-LOS were independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with pneumonia in 2020.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, Pneumonia, Emergency department, Length of stay, Mortality
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